<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benbouza Naima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benfarhi Louiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azoui  Boubekeur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amélioration de la Tension aux bouts des Lignes Electriques Basse Tension par l&amp;rsquo;insertion des Systèmes Photovoltaïques aux Milieux Mal Desservis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">First International Conference on Smart Grids, CIREI’2019 </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.enp-oran.dz/2019/01/28/conference-internationale/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENP- Oran – Algeria</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENP- Oran – Algeria</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorsque la demande électrique augmente&amp;nbsp; ou les consommateurs sont très loin du poste de distribution électrique, il arrive fréquemment qu’une dégradation de la qualité d’énergie survienne et&amp;nbsp; des chutes de tension non admissibles apparaissent chez les usagers. L'extension des réseaux aux zones rurales ou la construction de nouveaux réseaux sur des sites isolés rencontrent des contraintes économiques importantes. Ce travail est consacré à la contribution de la solution photovoltaïque au renforcement des bouts de ligne électrique et à la réduction des chutes de tension. En effet lorsque le maximum de la charge appelée est en phase avec l'ensoleillement, l'installation de modules photovoltaïques sur les toits et les façades des bâtiments ou le placement d’une centrale photovoltaïque connectée au réseau à l’endroit du déficit, permet d’écrêter les pointes,&amp;nbsp; de redresser la tension et de pallier les chutes de tension qui peuvent se produire au bout de ligne électrique.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Yettou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Gama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Malek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N.L. Panwar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
	Experimental investigation and thermal modelling of box and parabolic type solar cookers for temperature mapping.

</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of thermal Analysis and Calorimetry . An International  Forum for Thermal  Studies</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.springer.com/journal/10973</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">136</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1347-1364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This investigation examines mathematical modelling and experimental validation of two types of solar cookers: a box type with tilted intercept area equipped with one external reflector, and a parabolic cooker with a new configuration. Experiments were carried out with the cookers filled with two kilograms of water from 08:00 to 15:00 solar time. During the experiments, temperature gain in the box-type solar cooker was recorded at about 69.8 °C and in the parabolic-type solar cooker at 73.6 °C at the stagnation point. Direct normal irradiation in three distinct study areas was observed and found that it varied from 7.6 to 10 kWh m−2. Cooking pot placed in parabolic cooker was varied between 130 and 132 °C. Centre and south-east regions of study areas where global irradiation varied from 8 to 8.4 kWh m−2 were found suitable for box-type solar cooker and cooking pot temperature were found in the range of 100 °C to 105 °C. Mathematical modelling was programmed in MATLAB. The theoretical results were consistent with experiential data for both types of solar cookers. The effectiveness of the two cooker types can be deduced from the maps. It is found the use of the cookers in Northern and Southern regions of the country was not identical. Their suitability for cooking depends on the amount of solar radiations received.&lt;br&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N. Benbouza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Benfarhi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduction of the Low Voltage Substation Constraints by Inserting Photovoltaic Systems in Underserved Areas</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recent Advances in Electrical &amp; Electronic Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://benthamscience.com/journals/recent-advances-in-electrical-and-electronic-engineering</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">105-112</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Mechouma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Chabane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. Doumandji</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energie solaire comme une alternative pourl&amp;rsquo;alimentation des fermes dans les sites isolés</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Advanced Mechanics and Renewable Energies ICAMRE2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://icamre2018.sciencesconf.org</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Université de Boumerdes, Algérie</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boumerdes, Algérie</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L’Algérie possède un gisement solaire très important dû à sa grande superficie dont la majorité est aride ou semi-aride, contenant un nombre important de fermes agricoles qui peuvent être divisées en deux types&amp;nbsp;: le premier est connecté au réseau conventionnel tandis que le second est situé dans des zones isolées. Ces deux types de fermes souffrent de nombreux problèmes dus au manque d'électrification ou de son insuffisance durant les périodes estivales. Dans cette étude, nous nous intéressons aux fermes des sites isolés; elles&amp;nbsp; utilisent pour l’alimentation électrique des moteurs diesel qui sont limités principalement à l'irrigation et à l'éclairage des maisons pendant quelques heures par jour en raison des coûts élevés du carburant et de l'entretien des moteurs. Comme l'Algérie est l'un des pays qui a des journées ensoleillées durant toute l'année, l'énergie solaire peut contribuer à résoudre ce type de problèmes en alimentant les fermes en électricité et en leur apportant certains avantages. Dans cette étude, nous faisons l’étude d’une ferme typique dans un site isolé, tout en montrant comment l’énergie solaire peut contribuer à son alimentation en énergie électrique amicale à l’environnement.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Mechouma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Chabane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. Doumandji</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energie solaire comme une alternative pourl&amp;rsquo;alimentation des fermes dans les sites isolés</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Advanced Mechanics and Renewable Energies ICAMRE2018 </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://icamre2018.sciencesconf.org</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Université de Boumerdes, Algérie</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boumerdes - Algeria</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L’Algérie possède un gisement solaire très important dû à sa grande superficie dont la majorité est aride ou semi-aride, contenant un nombre important de fermes agricoles qui peuvent être divisées en deux types&amp;nbsp;: le premier est connecté au réseau conventionnel tandis que le second est situé dans des zones isolées. Ces deux types de fermes souffrent de nombreux problèmes dus au manque d'électrification ou de son insuffisance durant les périodes estivales. Dans cette étude, nous nous intéressons aux fermes des sites isolés; elles&amp;nbsp; utilisent pour l’alimentation électrique des moteurs diesel qui sont limités principalement à l'irrigation et à l'éclairage des maisons pendant quelques heures par jour en raison des coûts élevés du carburant et de l'entretien des moteurs. Comme l'Algérie est l'un des pays qui a des journées ensoleillées durant toute l'année, l'énergie solaire peut contribuer à résoudre ce type de problèmes en alimentant les fermes en électricité et en leur apportant certains avantages. Dans cette étude, nous faisons l’étude d’une ferme typique dans un site isolé, tout en montrant comment l’énergie solaire peut contribuer à son alimentation en énergie électrique amicale à l’environnement.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Yettou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Gama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N.L. Panwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Malek</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receiver Temperature Maps of Parabolic Collector Used for Solar Food Cooking Application in Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Thermal Engineering, Yildiz Technical University Press, Istanbul, Turkey</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> http://www.eds.yildiz.edu.tr/journal-of-thermal-engineering</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1656-1667</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knowledge of solar residential device’s thermal performance is necessary in order to optimize their output. This requires a database of solar radiation for locations for which the system is being installed. In this regard, temperature maps are generated for a realized parabolic solar cooker using an improved solar radiation model for 48 cities in Algeria. The maps are drawn for two cases: clear and cloud skies in winter and summer seasons, which allow comparison between cooker performances. The developed approach consists in converting obtained results from optical simulation to thermal values based on Stefan-Boltzmann law. Experimental data for receiver temperatures and solar radiation measured at Ghardaîa city in January month were used for the validation. It was found that cooker temperature values obtained from the measurements and that estimated using the proposed approach were in good agreement. The mapping results indicate that the realized cooker is efficient in all the country throughout the summer season with temperatures exceeding 110 °C. The use of the cooker will be reduced by going in South to North regions during the winter months, depending on the amount of solar radiations received. Nevertheless, the major area of the country is favorable for the use of the cooker during this period of the year even when the sky remains cloud.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabiaa Mechouma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamza Mebarki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boubekeur Azoui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior of nine levels NPC three-phase inverter topology interfacing photovoltaic system to the medium electric grid under variable irradiance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018, Electrical Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-018-0687-7.</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> pages2129–2145</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:18.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;
	&lt;span style=&quot;background:#fcfcfc&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#333333&quot;&gt;To reach the increasing demand for power quality and power rating along with lower harmonic distortion and lesser electromagnetic interference, the multilevel inverter is needed. Solar energy is one of the favorable renewable energy resources, and the multilevel inverter has been proven to be one of the important enabling technologies in photovoltaic utilization. This paper is based on the study of behavior of a nine levels NPC three-phase inverter topology interfacing multistring photovoltaic system to the electric grid. This inverter is controlled by the pulse-width modulated strategy. Eight carrier waves of the same frequency and different amplitudes are compared with two references (a sine wave and its opposite) for generating the control signals of the switches. Some DC/DC boost converters are used to amplify the voltage produced by the photovoltaic generators. Each of these converters is controlled by a fuzzy Logic-based maximum power point tracking algorithm (FLBMPPTA) in order to track the maximum power point of the GPV; results of simulation in Matlab environment are given and discussed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatiha Yettou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amor Gama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boubekeur Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Malek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hakim MERARDA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Utilisation de la procédure standard &amp;lsquo;puissance de cuisson&amp;rsquo; pour tester un cuiseur solaire de type boîte trapèze expérimenté sous climat aride</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://univ-annaba.dz</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3ème Conférence Internationale de Mécanique</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Université de Annaba, Algérie</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;La conception, le développement et l'évaluation des performances thermiques d'un cuiseur solaire boîte trapèze à surface réceptrice inclinée (CSB&lt;sub&gt;SRI&lt;/sub&gt;) est présenté dans le présent article. Une chaîne d'acquisition de données équipée de divers instruments de mesure est installée pour le contrôle du système. Les profils thermiques des différentes composantes du cuiseur ont été mesurés au site saharien de Ghardaïa pour différentes conditions climatiques durant la saison hivernale et estivale. L'analyse des performances du cuiseur solaire est évaluée au moyen de la puissance de cuisson ajustée, qui ; se situant dans l’intervalle des Normes du Standard de Funk, met le cuiseur réalisé dans la gamme des Standards Internationaux. Les tests expérimentaux entrepris démontrent que le cuiseur proposé, avec une surface d’ouverture inclinée ; améliore considérablement les performances thermiques du cuiseur solaire, il est de ce fait adapté à la cuisson des aliments en été et en hiver où la hauteur du soleil est faible.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amor Gama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatiha Yettou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Malek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boubekeur Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narayan Lal Panwar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DÉTERMINATION DES PERFORMANCES D&amp;rsquo;UN CUISEUR SOLAIRE BOÎTE SUIVANT LES PROCÉDURES DE MULLICK ET FUNK (PERFORMANCES DETERMINATION OF SOLAR COOKER BOX USING MULLICK AND FUNK&amp;rsquo;S PROCEDURES)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rev. Roum. Sci. Techn.– Électrotechn. et Énerg.</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://revue.elth.pub.ro</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">159-164</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Un cuiseur solaire boîte à surface réceptrice inclinée (CSBSRI) a été développé et testé à l’Unité de Recherche Appliquée en Énergies Renouvelables, sous les conditions climatiques de Ghardaïa, Algérie. Les performances thermiques du cuiseur sont analysées selon la procédure internationale de Mullick en termes de deux paramètres (F1, F2), le temps d’ébullition est calculé et la courbe caractéristique de notre cuiseur est également déterminée. En outre, les valeurs de puissance de cuisson sont calculées à partir des tests expérimentaux réalisés suivant le standard international de Funk et représentées en fonction de la différence de température entre l’eau et l’ambiance. Le cuiseur solaire réalisé, permettant une bonne interception des rayons solaires démontre de meilleures performances thermiques comparées à d'autres cuiseurs boîtes existants. (A box type solar cooker with inclined intercept area (BSCSRI) was designed and tested at Applied Research Unit on Renewable Energies under Ghardaîa (Algeria) prevailing weather conditions. The thermal performances of the cooker was analyzed using Mullick international procedure in term of two figures of merit, the characteristic boiling times was also calculated and the characteristic curve of the cooker was determinated. Furthermore, experiments also considered the requirements for the Funk’s international standard test procedure for calculating the cooking power and was correlated with the temperature difference between the cooking fluid and the ambient air. The realized cooker, which allows much higher solar radiation interception, has good thermal performances compared with others cookers found in the literature.)</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabiaa Mechouma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boubekeur Azoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabir Ouchen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fundamental frequency PWM control of IGBT clamped three phase nine levels inverter topology for photovoltaic system</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51st International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC2016)</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.upec2016.com</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Coimbra,  Portugal</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coimbra,  Portugal</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;b&gt;The multilevel multi-string inverter has gained much attention in recent years due to its advantages in lower switching loss, better electromagnetic compatibility, higher voltage capability, and lower harmonic distortion.&amp;nbsp; Solar Energy is one of the favorable renewable energy resources and the multilevel inverter has been proven to be one of the important enabling technologies in photovoltaic (PV) utilization.&amp;nbsp; As the number of levels increases, it is important to control more switches in parallel with their concurrent processing capability.&amp;nbsp; This paper proposes an IGBT clamped three phase nine levels photovoltaic inverter topology with a multicarrier dual reference pulse-width modulated (PWM) control scheme. &amp;nbsp;Four carrier waves of the fundamental frequency and different amplitudes are compared with two references (a sine wave and its opposite) for generating the control signals of the switches.&amp;nbsp; Some DC/DC boost converters are used to amplify the voltage produced by the photovoltaic generators. &amp;nbsp;Each of these converters is controlled by an MPPT algorithm in order to track the maximum power point of the GPV. &amp;nbsp;Results of simulation in Matlab environment are given and discussed.&lt;/b&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Yettou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Gama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N.L. Panwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Malek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. Azoui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Experimental investigation of thermal performance evaluation and thermodynamic analysis of domestic box type solar cooker with inclined aperture area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revue des Energies Renouvelables CDER</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/PresentationRevue/401.</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211-224</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this paper, the thermal performances of a box solar cooker were rated with F1 and F2 parameters as per Mullick’s procedure [1], the efficiency of the cooker was evaluated using energy and exergy analysis. The solar cooker was designed with an inclined aperture area, realized and experimentally tested at Applied Research Unit on Renewable Energies of Ghardaïa (32.39 °N, 3.78 °E, 463 m), Algeria. The developed cooker is equipped with one reflector mirror on its lid. The experiments have been carried out with the cooker empty, filled with one or two liters of water from 08:00 to 15:00 solar time, the thermal profiles of various components of the cooker were assessed at Ghardaïa site Sahara climatic conditions on clear days in both winter and summer months. According to the values of two figures of merits suggested by International Standards and evaluated by the experimental studies, the configuration with an inclined aperture area of the cooker resulted in good cooking performances, especially in winter when the sun’s elevation is low; keeping the realized cooker performances in range of the international standard tests. The results of this study indicate also that the average daily energy and exergy efficiency of the realized cooker was 16.2 % and 0.90 % respectively, during the experimental period, which indicate a significant difference between the results of energy and exergy analyses. Thus developing such a box solar cooker can improve the efficiency of the design and use a position of the system to prepare food in a shorter time.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RABIAA.Mechouma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HANIA.Aboub</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BOUBAKEUR.Azoui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MULTICARRIER WAVE DUAL REFERENCE VERY LOW FREQUENCY PWM CONTROL OF A NINE LEVELS NPC MULTI-STRING THREE PHASE INVERTER TOPOLOGY FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM CONNECTED TO THE MEDIUM ELECTRIC GRID</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Electrical Engineering </style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.jee.ro. </style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">293-298</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The multilevel multi-string inverter has gained much attention in recent years due to its advantages in lower switching loss, better electromagnetic compatibility, higher voltage capability, and lower harmonics. Solar Energy is one of the favorable renewable energy resources and the multilevel inverter has been proven to be one of the important enabling technologies in photovoltaic (PV) utilization. This paper proposes a diode-clamped three phase nine levels grid connected photovoltaic inverter topology with a multicarrier dual reference pulse-width modulated (PWM) control scheme. Eight carrier waves of the same frequency and different amplitudes are compared with two references (a sine wave and its opposite) for generating the control signals of the switches. Some DC/DC boost converters are used to amplify the voltage produced by the photovoltaic generators. Each of these converters is controlled by an MPPT algorithm in order to track the maximum power point of the GPV; Results of simulation in Matlab environment are given and discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record></records></xml>