@article {40103,
	title = {Contribution of PCA/K-meansmethods to the mixed assessmentof patient safety culture},
	journal = {International Journal of Health Governance},
	volume = {26},
	number = {2},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {150-164},
	abstract = {Purpose {\textendash} The assessment of patient safety culture (PSC) is a major priority for healthcare providers. It isoften realized using quantitative approaches (questionnaires) separately from qualitative ones (patient safetyculture maturity model (PSCMM)). These approaches suffer from certain major limits. Therefore, the aim of thepresent study is to overcome these limits and to propose a novel approach to PSC assessment.Design/methodology/approach {\textendash} The proposed approach consists of evaluating PSC in a set of healthcareestablishments (HEs) using the HSOPSC questionnaire. After that, principal component analysis (PCA) andK-means algorithm were applied on PSC dimensional scores in order to aggregate them into macro dimensions.The latter were used to overcome the limits of PSC dimensional assessment and to propose aquantitative PSCMM.Findings {\textendash} PSC dimensions are grouped into three macro dimensions. Their capitalization permits theirassociation with safety actors related to PSC promotion. Consequently, a quantitative PSC maturity matrix wasproposed. Problematic PSC dimensions for the studied HEs are {\textquotedblleft}Non-punitive response to error{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}Staffing{\textquotedblright},{\textquotedblleft}Communication openness{\textquotedblright}. Their PSC maturity level was found underdeveloped due to a managerial stylethat favors a {\textquotedblleft}blame culture{\textquotedblright}.Originality/value {\textendash} A combined quali-quantitative assessment framework for PSC was proposed in thepresent study as recommended by a number of researchers but, to the best of our knowledge, few or no studieswere devoted to it. The results can be projected for improvement and accreditation purposes, where differentPSC stakeholders can be implicated as suggested by international standards.Keywords Patient safety culture, PCA, Macro dimensions, HSOPSC questionnaire, Maturity model},
	url = {https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2059-4631},
	author = {Y. O. Fourar and M{\'e}barek Djebabra and W. Benhassine and L. Boubaker}
}
